Restrictions on Migration
Human beings cannot freely move around the globe. The wealthy can move across borders for purposes of leisure and/or commerce on a short-term basis, but permanent moves are enormously complicated by a variety of factors. Legal complexities, immigration quotas, and enormous costs make moving to a different part of the globe, whether near or far, extremely difficult. The thousands of migration related deaths each year exemplify this struggle.
Restrictions on migration enable despots to rule for decades, as citizens of these “Regional Prisons” are unable to flee in many cases.
Restrictions on migration also distort the job market as certain nation-states have a labor surplus (e.g. unemployed) while others have a labor shortage (e.g. unable to find workers). Additionally, workers being locked within the borders of their own nation-state creates labor arbitrage, where people of similar to identical skills are paid differently based on their geographic location. These vast differences in compensation perpetuate global inequality.